الفصل الدراسي السابع

Demonstrate knowledge of the fundamental
concepts, principles of Laser's physics.Simulated and spontaneous emissions – Einstein’s
equations - Amplification in an active medium and growth
of a laser beam – Optical resonator theory – Methods of
producing inverted population – Energy level diagram for
lasing action – Two, three ,four level systems – types of
lasers (gas lasers , semiconductors lasers, molecular laser,
high power lasers ) – Properties of laser beam – Losses
and its types - Laser gain – Single mode operation –
Optical feedback – Laser applications such as ( industrial
applications, medical applications, military applications